Two-Stage Optimization Scheduling of Virtual Power Plants Considering a User-Virtual Power Plant-Equipment Alliance Game

Distributed renewable energy, loads, and power sources can be aggregated into virtual plants (VPPs) to participate in energy market transactions generate additional revenue. In order better coordinate the transaction relationships among various entities within VPPs, this paper proposes a two-stage optimization model for VPPs that considers user-VPP-equipment alliance. Firstly, starting from basic structure of VPP, it is proposed divide alliances VPP two alliances: demand-side user-VPP supply-side equipment-VPP. And framework considering cooperative game alliance has been established. Then, was established The day-ahead takes economic social benefits as dual objectives, intraday aims minimize cost deviation penalties. Secondly, taking account risk levels comprehensive marginal profit distribution method combining improved Shapley values independent contribution theory adopted allocate total revenue VPP. case results show operating reduced by 5.75%, environmental 4.46%, increased 29.52%. improve overall efficiency VPPs.